Harmonious Co-existence Between Man and Nature

Abstract
 
A series of global ecological crises brought about by the development of world industrialization show that the earth has no more resources to continue to support the predatory development of mankind, Therefore, the relationship between man and nature has been raised to an unprecedented height. We urgently need to seek a new form of civilization development to continue the survival of human beings and build ecological civilization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, which is related to the happy life of human beings and the future of mankind. Protecting the ecological environment is a global consensus today.Taking this as the theme, this paper expounds the ecological concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature from four aspects: the philosophy of man and nature; people's yearning for returning to the poetic homeland of nature; the development of ecological civilization in recent years in China; and we still need to make efforts. 

Key words: Philosophy of man and nature; poetic homeland; ecological civilization
 

Preface

Living between heaven and earth, human beings should take nature as the source and foundation of survival and development. In the interaction with nature, human beings have created and developed human civilization. In this process, the relationship between human and nature has experienced a process from depending on nature to using nature. Today, human society is increasingly forming such a general consensus: human beings are produced because of nature, man and nature are a symbiotic relationship, and the damage to nature will eventually hurt human itself. Human beings must respect nature, comply with it, protect it, and coexist harmoniously with nature. Otherwise, it will be retaliated by nature. No one can resist this objective law.
 
1、 The philosophy of harmonious coexistence between man and nature
 
The philosophy about the harmony between human beings and nature appears in many philosophers' thoughts. Chinese civilization has always emphasized the unity of man and nature and respect for nature. The Chinese civilization of more than 5000 years has been developed  in the harmonious coexistence of human and nature. The harmonious coexistence of man and nature is the root of the Chinese nation's life and the source of the development of Chinese civilization.

In traditional Chinese culture, the core of the philosophical thought system of "the unity of man and nature" is to regard man and nature as a community of life and morality, with the realization of harmony between man and nature as the highest ideal. As Laozi said, the universe is a big world, while man is a small one. Man and nature are interlinked in essence, so all personnel should follow the natural law to achieve harmony between man and nature.Western philosophers also put forward this idea. Marx said: "only by following the laws of nature can human beings effectively prevent detours in the development and utilization of nature. The harm of human beings to nature will eventually hurt human beings, which is an irresistible law."¹ The symbiotic relationship between man and nature determines that if man's behavior goes against the law of natural development, he will be punished by nature, and his harm to nature will eventually hurt himself. As Engels pointed out, if man conquers the natural force by scientific and creative genius, then the natural force also retaliates against man. According to the degree of man's utilization of natural force, man is subject to a real autocracy.

The Bible tells us that human beings should not plunder or harass at will; they must handle the natural resources they trust carefully. Human's attitude towards the merciless exploitation of nature is not written in the original contract between God and man. The technology that allows human beings to dominate nature is not the original attribute of human beings, but a temporary expedient only needed after human beings were expelled from the garden of Eden. The transformation of the western view of nature did not take place until 1500. There were two different and opposite ways in this stage: 1. Nature is an image of a wild and chaotic universe that should be mastered and controlled; 2. An orderly environment provides a nurturing mother for human beings. These two images are both controlling and have ethical restraint or sanction effect on human behavior.

2、 Yearning for returning to the poetic homeland of nature

Since ancient times, poetic homestead has condensed the natural collective unconsciousness of all mankind, containing the emotion of human and nature and the spiritual world of human beings. As an important philosophical category related to the ideal of existence, poetic home has the gist of constructing a peaceful and free natural homeland. Nature has become a fascinating existence. With the continuous snow mountains, mysterious forests, vast fields, and even the vast Gobi, people feel life, cultivate their temperament, comfort life and seek spiritual home in their dreams. In the close and praise of nature, people find comfort in their hearts.The primary concern of ecological civilization is the construction and maintenance of residential homes. Since ancient times, homes have condensed the natural collective unconsciousness of all mankind, containing the emotion of human and nature and the spiritual world of human beings. As an important philosophical category related to the ideal of existence, poetic dwelling is to construct a harmonious and free natural home.

In the face of the great changes brought about by the industrial revolution, nature is constantly being destroyed, and the social environment is unbalanced under the control of human desire and will, resulting in the disintegration of people's spiritual world one by one. It is for this reason that the poet hordrin conveys the most important thought in his poems -- returning home. Industrialization makes the homeland scarred. He describes the beautiful natural scenery and appeals to people to return to nature and spiritual hometown.Heidegger once described the fate of modern people as "homeless" and "fallen into the world". Poetic dwelling, which makes people return to their original nature, inspires modern people to expand their living space and transcend their living realm. We must  return to the primitive and simple nature, and find their spiritual home.

The unrestrained grab of nature has brought unprecedented ecological crisis to our lives. In the face of nature, we have completely lost our modesty. We are human centered and indulge in the material satisfaction brought about by the transformation of nature, and enjoy the authority and dignity of human beings at the highest level of the biological chain. The environment is barren and the environment is deteriorating. Therefore, only by stripping off the so-called strong shell, re understanding ourselves, examining nature, treating all life in nature equally, walking towards nature in awe of nature and integrating into nature, can we achieve harmony between man and nature and get poetic life².

Human beings should respect and reward nature, and need to curb the expanding desire under the birth of material. Therefore, compared with the ecological crisis caused by the wanton plunder and destruction of nature in the process of modern industrialization, the awe of nature has left a more reasonable and free living space for human beings, which satisfies some spiritual needs of human beings in a deeper sense, and points out a road full of magic and romance to return to the spiritual home.

3、 The development of ecological civilization in China in recent years

In modern times, with the advent of industrialization, like many countries in the world, we have also experienced a historical process of marching into nature, transforming nature and conquering nature. While rapidly forming the material basis for modernization, it also brought great damage to the natural ecosystem, such as forest disappearance, land desertification, wetland degradation, soil erosion, drought and water shortage, etc Serious environmental problems.  In a sense, it is a great damage to nature that human beings obtain a lot of money because of their own interests.We should abandon the way of environmental protection and environmental protection in time to change the way of environmental protection and environmental protection Set up ecological civilization.

In recent years, China has put forward the concept of ecological civilization, the core of which is to adhere to the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. Based on this starting point, the construction of ecological civilization needs to respect nature, comply with nature, protect nature, protect natural ecosystem, and maintain the life community formed between human and nature. We should realize that mountains, rivers, forests, fields and lakes are a community of life. The lifeblood of human beings lies in the fields, the lifeblood of fields lies in the water, the lifeblood of water lies in the mountains, the lifeblood of mountains lies in the soil, and the lifeblood of soil lies in trees. Therefore, we should treat the ecological environment as we treat life, and coordinate the management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses³.

Based on the concept of ecological civilization, we are trying to reduce garbage, actively advocate garbage classification, and make use of available resources, which is the best way to return to nature. At the same time, we are constantly increasing the green area, and the forest coverage rate has increased significantly. In February this year, a paper published in the British journal Nature and sustainable development pointed out that about 1 / 4 of the newly added green area in the world from 2000 to 2017 came from China, ranking first in the world. The trend of desertification in China has been reversed. Since the third national desertification and desertification land monitoring in 2004, the results of three consecutive monitoring show that the desertification area in China is decreasing continuously. "Sand forces people to retreat" into "people advance and retreat from sand". China's greenhouse gas emissions have been greatly reduced. In 2018, China's carbon dioxide emission per unit of GDP will be reduced by 45.8% compared with that in 2005, and the target of reducing carbon dioxide emission per unit GDP by 2020 by 40% to 45% will be completed ahead of schedule, laying a solid foundation for achieving the peak of carbon emission around 2030 and striving to reach the peak as soon as possible.
 
4、 Where we need to work 

We should also clearly see that the situation of ecological environment protection and environmental pollution control is still very serious, the contradiction between China's economic and social development and population, resources and environment is still outstanding, the problems of air, water and soil pollution are still very prominent, and the ecological environment protection has a long way to go. From the perspective of personal life style, we often see a lot of leftovers in restaurants. People prefer to use their cars at home rather than take public transportation. In the face of some acts of destroying the natural environment, no one stands up against them, and even participates in such acts. Therefore, we need to implement the new development concept and promote the formation of green development and lifestyle. In terms of social and economic development, it is necessary to take the road of economic development of green technology innovation, environmental resource conservation, clean production, ecological protection and circular economy, pay attention to the coordination and progress of economic and social development and environmental protection, and realize the internal unity and mutual promotion of economic and social development and environmental protection. In terms of personal life style, we need to have a strong sense of protecting the ecological environment, actively oppose those behaviors that destroy the environment and the natural balance, and consciously create a social atmosphere in which everyone participates in environmental protection. Or try to ride a bicycle in your daily life. Actively carry out garbage classification to improve the utilization efficiency of resources. No waste of things, no waste of resources. Protect animals and plants, protect the beautiful and healthy development of our home.
 
Conclusion

Human beings are an important part of nature. Nature exists before human beings. It provides the means of production and means of living for human beings. It has the inherent creativity independent of human beings. It creates the environment and conditions suitable for life on the earth, and creates various biological species and the entire ecosystem. Therefore, adhering to the concept of "man and nature is a community of life", respecting nature, conforming to nature, protecting nature, adhering to the concept of ecological civilization, promoting the harmonious coexistence of man and nature is a system engineering of great significance.
 

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